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ABOUT Brook Trout-
The
brook trout, (sometimes called the eastern brook
trout) is a species of fish in the salmon family. In
many parts of its range, it is known as the speckled
trout or squaretail. A potamodromous population in
Lake Superior are known as coaster trout or, simply,
as coasters. Though commonly called a trout, the
brook trout is actually a char, along with lake
trout, bull trout, Dolly Varden and the Arctic char.
The brook trout is native to small streams, creeks,
lakes, and spring ponds. Some brook trout are
anadromous. It is native to a wide area of eastern
North America but increasingly confined to higher
elevations southward in the Appalachian Mountains to
northern Georgia, Canada from the Hudson Bay basin
east, the Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence system, and the
upper Mississippi River drainage as far west as
eastern Iowa.
"Brookies" are green to brown basic in color with a
distinctive marbled pattern (called vermiculations)
of lighter shades across the flanks and back and
extending at least to the dorsal fin, and often to
the tail. There is a distinctive sprinkling of red
dots, surrounded by blue haloes, along the flank.
The belly and lower fins are reddish in color, the
latter with white leading edges. Often the belly,
particularly of the males, becomes very red or
orange when the fish are spawning. The species
reaches a maximum recorded length of 86 cm (33 in)
and a maximum recorded weight of 9.4 kg (14 lb). It
can reach at least seven years of age, with reports
of 15-year-old specimens observed in California
habitats to which the species has been introduced.
The brook trout is a popular game fish with anglers,
particularly fly fishermen. Today, many anglers
practice catch-and-release tactics to preserve
remaining brook trout populations, and organizations
such as Trout Unlimited have been in the forefront
of efforts to institute air and water quality
standards sufficient to protect the brook trout.
Revenues derived from the sale of fishing licenses
have been used to restore many sections of creeks
and streams to brook trout habitat. Brook trout are
also commercially raised in large numbers for food
production, being sold for human consumption in both
fresh and smoked forms. Because of its dependence on
pure water and a variety of aquatic and insect life
forms, the brook trout is also used for scientific
experimentation in assessing the effects of
pollution.
Partially as a result of its popularity as a game
fish, the brook trout has been introduced in some
areas to which it was not originally native, and has
become established widely throughout the world. In
some parts of the world, the brook trout has had a
harmful effect on native species, and is a potential
pest.
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